Biomarkers of exposure (BoE) can help evaluate exposure to combustion-related, tobacco-
specific toxicants after smokers switch from cigarettes to potentially less-harmful products …

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have the potential to provide nicotine to tobacco
consumers while reducing exposure to combustion-related toxicants. Here, we report …

Introduction Switching to noncombustible tobacco products presents an opportunity for
cigarette smokers to potentially reduce the health risks associated with smoking. Electronic …

Chronic cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for many serious diseases. While complete
cessation of smoking is the best option to reduce harm from smoking, adverse impacts of …

Background Long‐term use of cigarettes can result in localised staining and aging of
smokers' skin. The use of tobacco heating products (THPs) and electronic cigarettes (ECs) …

Cigarette smoke is known to influence breath odour, but the effect of e-cigarettes is
unknown. In this pilot study, we aimed to determine differences in breath odour between …

Air pollution exposure is associated with adverse respiratory health outcomes. Evidence
from occupational and community-based studies also suggests agricultural pesticides have …

Background Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for cancer and other diseases. While
smoking induces chronic inflammation and aberrant immune responses, the effects of …

Cigarette smoking is associated with a large number of adverse health outcomes and
continues to be a major contributor to death and disease. Although the best option for …

Biomarkers of exposure (BoE) can help evaluate exposure to combustion-related, tobacco-
speci c toxicants after smokers switch from cigarettes to potentially less-harmful products like …