Climate change challenges efforts to maintain and improve crop production in many regions.
In this Review, we examine yield responses to warmer temperatures, elevated carbon …

The risks of climate change are enormous, threatening the lives and livelihoods of millions to
billions of people. The economic consequences of many of the complex risks associated …

Our current 1.1° C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

The present study examines the assumptions, modeling structure, and results of DICE-2023,
the revised Dynamic Integrated Model of Climate and the Economy (DICE), updated to 2023 …

Climate change adaptation needs, as well as the capacity to adapt, are unequally distributed
around the world. Global models that assess the impacts of climate change and policy …

A key statistic describing climate change impacts is the'social cost of carbon dioxide'(SCCO
2), the projected cost to society of releasing an additional tonne of CO 2. Cost-benefit …

Uncertainty in climate projections is driven by three components: scenario uncertainty,
intermodel uncertainty, and internal variability. Although socioeconomic climate impact …

Estimates of economic implications of climate policy are important inputs into policy-making.
Despite care to contextualize quantitative assessments of mitigation costs, one strong view …

Economic analyses of global climate change have been criticized for their poor
representation of climate change damages. Here we develop and apply aggregate damage …

A large discrepancy exists between the dire impacts that most natural scientists project we
could face from climate change and the modest estimates of damages calculated by …