The intermingling of genomes that characterizes sexual reproduction requires haploid
gametes in which parental homologs have recombined. For this, homologs must pair during …

Meiotic recombination results in the formation of cytological structures known as chiasmata
at the sites of genetic crossovers (COs). The formation of at least one chiasma/CO between …

Meiosis involves reciprocal exchange of genetic information between homologous
chromosomes to generate new allelic combinations. In cereals, the distribution of genetic …

Meiotic chromosome segregation requires homologue pairing, synapsis, and crossover
recombination, which occur during meiotic prophase. Telomere-led chromosome motion has …

Background Polyploidization is the multiplication of the whole chromosome complement and
has occurred frequently in vascular plants. Maintenance of stable polyploid state over …

Mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) are correlated with hereditary
breast cancer in humans. Studies have revealed that mammalian BRCA2 plays crucial roles …

DNA helicases are enzymes that are able to unwind DNA by the use of the energy-
equivalent ATP. They play essential roles in DNA replication, DNA repair, and DNA …

The process of meiosis results in the formation of haploid daughter cells, each of which
inherit a half of the diploid parental cells' genetic material. The ordered association of …

The eukaryotic cell nucleus enclosed within the nuclear envelope harbors organized
chromatin territories and various nuclear bodies as sub-nuclear compartments. This higher …

Meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs) are generated by the evolutionarily conserved SPO11
complex in the context of chromatin loops that are organized along axial elements (AEs) of …