The view that substance addiction is a brain disease, although widely accepted in the
neuroscience community, has become subject to acerbic criticism in recent years. These …

Drug consumption is driven by a drug's pharmacological effects, which are experienced as
rewarding, and is influenced by genetic, developmental, and psychosocial factors that …

The brain is constituted of multiple networks of functionally correlated brain areas, out of
which the default-mode network (DMN) is the largest. Most existing research into the DMN …

Critical features of human addiction are increasingly being incorporated into complementary
animal models, including escalation of drug intake, punished drug seeking and taking …

This article reviews the behavioral neuroscience of extinction, the phenomenon in which a
behavior that has been acquired through Pavlovian or instrumental (operant) learning …

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is an intractable syndrome, and rising overdose death rates
represent a substantial public health crisis that exacts tremendous personal and financial …

The long-range GABAergic input from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus
accumbens (NAc) is relatively understudied, and therefore its role in reward processing has …

The development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) involves binge or heavy drinking to high
levels of intoxication that leads to compulsive intake, the loss of control in limiting intake, and …

In the last ten years, gabapentin and pregabalin have been becoming dispensed broadly
and sold on black markets, thereby, exposing millions to potential side-effects. Meanwhile …

Understanding the brain circuitry that underlies reward is critical to improve treatment for
many common health issues, including obesity, depression, and addiction. Here we focus …