The interaction of fungal pathogens with their host requires a novel invading mechanism
and the presence of various virulence-associated components responsible for promoting the …

Phytopathogenic fungi secrete a large arsenal of effector molecules, including
proteinaceous effectors, small RNAs, phytohormones and derivatives thereof. The …

Broad-spectrum resistance has great values for crop breeding. However, its mechanisms
are largely unknown. Here, we report the cloning of a maize NLR gene, RppK, for resistance …

The complicated interplay of plant–pathogen interactions occurs on multiple levels as
pathogens evolve to constantly evade the immune responses of their hosts. Many …

Plant pathogenic fungi colonizing living plant tissue secrete a cocktail of effector proteins to
suppress plant immunity and reprogramme host cells. Although many of these effectors …

Effectors are small, secreted molecules that mediate the establishment of interactions in
nature. While some concepts of effector biology have stood the test of time, this area of study …

Plants are not only challenged by pathogenic organisms but also colonized by commensal
microbes. The network of interactions these microbes establish with their host and among …

Fungal pathogenesis depends on accurate secretion and location of virulence factors which
drive host colonization. Protein glycosylation is a common posttranslational modification of …

During initial stages of microbial invasion, the extracellular space (apoplast) of plant cells is
a vital battleground between plants and pathogens. The oomycete plant pathogens secrete …

Ustilago maydis is a pathogenic fungus that causes corn smut. Because of its easy
cultivation and genetic transformation, U. maydis has become an important model organism …