SARS-CoV-2 infection is benign in most individuals but, in around 10% of cases, it triggers
hypoxaemic COVID-19 pneumonia, which leads to critical illness in around 3% of cases …

The immense interindividual clinical variability during any infection is a long-standing
enigma. Inborn errors of IFN-γ and IFN-α/β immunity underlying rare infections with weakly …

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is critical to the induction of antiviral immunity, but TLR7 dosage
is also a key pathogenic factor in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune …

Ancient DNA makes it possible to observe natural selection directly by analysing samples
from populations before, during and after adaptation events. Here we report a genome-wide …

The unconventional T cell compartment encompasses a variety of cell subsets that straddle
the line between innate and adaptive immunity, often reside at mucosal surfaces and can …

Humans differ in the outcome that follows exposure to life-threatening pathogens, yet the
extent of population differences in immune responses and their genetic and evolutionary …

Autosomal inborn errors of type I IFN immunity and autoantibodies against these cytokines
underlie at least 10% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases. We report very rare …

Immunopolymorphism is considered as an important aspect behind the resistance or
susceptibility of the host to an infectious disease. Over the years, researchers have explored …

Type I interferons (IFNs) have broad and potent antiviral activity. We review the interplay
between type I IFNs and SARS-CoV-2. Human cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro …

The ancient biological'arms race'between microbial pathogens and humans has shaped
genetic variation in modern populations, and this has important implications for the growing …