BACKGROUND Ever since Edward Tolman's proposal that comprehensive cognitive maps
underlie spatial navigation and, more generally, psychological functions, the question of …

An organism's survival can depend on its ability to recall and navigate to spatial locations
associated with rewards, such as food or a home. Accumulating research has revealed that …

Memories are about the past, but they serve the future. Memory research often emphasizes
the former aspect: focusing on the functions that re-constitute (re-member) experience and …

Entorhinal cortical grid cells fire in a periodic pattern that tiles space, which is suggestive of a
spatial coordinate system. However, irregularities in the grid pattern as well as responses of …

The discovery of place cells and head direction cells in the hippocampal formation of freely
foraging rodents has led to an emphasis of its role in encoding allocentric spatial …

The entorhinal cortex (EC) is a critical element of the hippocampal formation located within
the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in primates. The EC has historically received attention for …

During the 1990s and early 2000s, research in humans and in the nonhuman primate model
of human amnesia revealed that tasks involving free viewing of images provided an …

The organization of projections from the macaque monkey hippocampus, subiculum,
presubiculum, and parasubiculum to the entorhinal cortex was analyzed using anterograde …

Our brains create new memories by capturing the 'who/what','where'and 'when'of everyday
experiences. On a neuronal level, mechanisms facilitating a successful transfer into episodic …

To navigate effectively, we must represent information about our location in the environment.
Traditional research highlights the role of the hippocampal complex in this process. Spurred …