Humans can be exposed to pathogens from poorly managed animal feces, particularly in
communities where animals live in close proximity to humans. This systematic review of peer …

Animals found in close proximity to humans in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs)
harbor many pathogens capable of infecting humans, transmissible via their feces. Contact …

Fecal-oral pathogens are transmitted through complex, environmentally mediated pathways.
Sanitation interventions that isolate human feces from the environment may reduce …

Background Open defecation is widely practiced in India. To improve sanitation and promote
better health, the Government of India (GOI) has instituted large scale sanitation …

Escherichia coli pathotypes (ie, enteropathogenic and enterotoxigenic) have been identified
among the pathogens most responsible for moderate-to-severe diarrhea in low-and middle …

Identifying the origin of fecal contamination can support more effective interventions to
interrupt enteric pathogen transmission. Microbial source tracking (MST) assays may help to …

Although strategic thinking on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) has prioritized
reducing exposure to human feces in order to limit diarrheal infections, recent research …

Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are used to assess fecal pollution levels in surface water and
are among the criteria used by regulatory agencies to determine water body impairment …

Background Children in low-resource settings are exposed to multiple risk factors for
enteropathogens. However, the probability of exposures may be different across exposure …

Efforts to eradicate open defecation and improve sanitation access are unlikely to achieve
health benefits unless interventions reduce microbial exposures. This study assessed …