In the absence of effective interventions to prevent preterm births, improved survival of
infants who are born at the biological limits of viability has relied on advances in perinatal …

Abstract Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, is
involved in innate immunity and mediates inflammatory responses by recognizing …

Importance Despite improvement during recent decades, extremely preterm infants continue
to contribute disproportionately to neonatal mortality and childhood morbidity. Objective To …

Background The cyclooxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen may be used to treat patent ductus
arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Whether selective early treatment of large PDAs with …

Importance Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) mortality estimates have not been updated
since 2009, and no study has assessed changes in influenza mortality after the 2009 …

Rationale: Current diagnostic criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia rely heavily on the
level and duration of oxygen therapy, do not reflect contemporary neonatal care, and do not …

300 increased to< 90%. 7, 8 More recently, the Canadian Neonatal Network evaluated the
definitions of BPD that were commonly used for epidemiology and clinical trial outcomes for …

This guideline aims to improve the quality of care and the health and wellbeing of the
preterm or low birthweight infant aged 0-24 months. It is a guideline of new and updated …

As management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) advances, clinicians must
continually revise their current practice. We report the fourth update of “European Guidelines …

Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a prevalent complication after extremely
preterm birth. Inflammation with mechanical ventilation may contribute to its development …