We survey 146 papers analyzing" bias" in NLP systems, finding that their motivations are
often vague, inconsistent, and lacking in normative reasoning, despite the fact that …

This article explores how language oppression—coerced language loss—contributes to
physical death. The context for this investigation is the ongoing crisis of global linguistic …

Though narwhal have survived multiple ice ages, including 2.5 Ma and the last interglacial
period with warming temperatures, Arctic climate change during the Anthropocene …

This article examines international relations (IR)'s approach to the Himalaya. We argue that
the possibility of violent conflict over contested international borders is not the region's …

Abstract In India and the United States, Lepcha and Diné youth are articulating decolonial
futures that diverge from past aspirations. Rather than demanding big infrastructure such as …

Natural language processing (NLP) systems are now ubiquitous. Yet the benefits of these
language technologies do not accrue evenly to all users, and indeed they can be harmful; …

Over the past decade, the artificial intelligence (AI) industry, as it relates to the speech and
voice recognition industry, has established itself as a multibillion-dollar global market, but at …

This article aims to expand raciolinguistic theory to examine the issue of language
oppression, ie, enforced language loss. I used Foucauldian theories of race and racism to …

This paper presents a vision for creating AI systems that are inclusive at every stage of
development, from data collection to model design and evaluation. We address key …

Primary school consolidation—the closure of small community schools or their mergers into
larger, better-resourced schools—is emerging as a significant policy response to changing …