Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism primarily involves the kynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and
indole pathways. A variety of bioactive compounds produced via Trp metabolism can …

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid critical for protein synthesis in humans that has
emerged as a key player in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. It is the only precursor for the …

The kynurenine pathway (KP) plays a critical role in generating cellular energy in the form of
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Because energy requirements are substantially …

The pro-inflammatory immune response driven by microglia is a key contributor to the
pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Though the research of microglia …

L-Tryptophan is an essential amino acid required for protein synthesis. It undergoes an
extensive and complex metabolism along several pathways, resulting in many bioactive …

Microglia, the immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system (CNS), act as
neuropathology sensors and are neuroprotective under physiological conditions. Microglia …

Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in the normal physiological functions of an
organism, ultimately leading to mortality. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an …

Background Adolescent depression is becoming one of the major public health concerns,
because of its increased prevalence and risk of significant functional impairment and …

The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan metabolism has emerged in recent years as a
key regulator of the production of both neuroprotective (eg kynurenic and picolinic acid, and …

Humans evolved a symbiotic relationship with their gut microbiome, a complex microbial
community composed of bacteria, archaea, protists, and viruses, including bacteriophages …