Intimate relationships and depression: Searching for causation in the sea of association

MA Whisman, DA Sbarra… - Annual Review of Clinical …, 2021 - annualreviews.org
This article provides a critical review of existing research on intimate (marriage or marriage-
like) relationship distress and risk for depression. Using the meta-framework of research …

Evaluating eligibility criteria of oncology trials using real-world data and AI

R Liu, S Rizzo, S Whipple, N Pal, AL Pineda, M Lu… - Nature, 2021 - nature.com
There is a growing focus on making clinical trials more inclusive but the design of trial
eligibility criteria remains challenging,–. Here we systematically evaluate the effect of …

Effectiveness of COVID-19 treatment with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir or molnupiravir among US veterans: target trial emulation studies with one-month and six-month …

KL Bajema, K Berry, E Streja, N Rajeevan… - Annals of internal …, 2023 - acpjournals.org
Background: Information about the effectiveness of oral antivirals in preventing short-and
long-term COVID-19–related outcomes in the setting of Omicron variant transmission and …

[HTML][HTML] Tutorial: a nontechnical explanation of the counterfactual definition of effect modification and interaction

MJL Bours - Journal of clinical epidemiology, 2021 - Elsevier
Abstract Effect modification and interaction are important concepts for answering causal
questions about interdependent effects of two (or more) exposures on some outcome of …

Effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir Against the Development of Post–COVID-19 Conditions Among US Veterans: A Target Trial Emulation

GN Ioannou, K Berry, N Rajeevan, Y Li… - Annals of internal …, 2023 - acpjournals.org
Background: COVID-19 has been linked to the development of many post–COVID-19
conditions (PCCs) after acute infection. Limited information is available on the effectiveness …

Delayed denosumab injections and fracture risk among patients with osteoporosis: a population-based cohort study

H Lyu, K Yoshida, SS Zhao, J Wei, C Zeng… - Annals of Internal …, 2020 - acpjournals.org
Background: Denosumab is effective for osteoporosis, but discontinuation leads to rapid
reversal of its therapeutic effect. Objective: To estimate the risk for fracture among users of …

Comparison of a target trial emulation framework vs Cox regression to estimate the association of corticosteroids with COVID-19 mortality

KL Hoffman, EJ Schenck, MJ Satlin… - JAMA Network …, 2022 - jamanetwork.com
Importance Communication and adoption of modern study design and analytical techniques
is of high importance for the improvement of clinical research from observational data …

Causal survival analysis: a guide to estimating intention-to-treat and per-protocol effects from randomized clinical trials with non-adherence

EJ Murray, EC Caniglia… - Research Methods in …, 2021 - journals.sagepub.com
When reporting results from randomized experiments, researchers often choose to present a
per-protocol effect in addition to an intention-to-treat effect. However, these per-protocol …

Informing healthcare decisions with observational research assessing causal effect. An official American Thoracic Society research statement

AS Gershon, PK Lindenauer, KC Wilson… - American journal of …, 2021 - atsjournals.org
Rationale: Decisions in medicine are made on the basis of knowledge and reasoning, often
in shared conversations with patients and families in consideration of clinical practice …

Are target trial emulations the gold standard for observational studies?

N Pearce, JP Vandenbroucke - Epidemiology, 2023 - journals.lww.com
There has been considerable debate in epidemiology about whether the randomized
controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard for epidemiologic studies; some of the debate is …