Toxic-metabolic encephalopathy (TME) results from an acute cerebral dysfunction due to
different metabolic disturbances including medications or illicit-drugs. It can lead to altered …

Background Coma of unknown etiology (CUE) is a major challenge in emergency medicine.
CUE is caused by a wide variety of pathologies that require immediate and targeted …

Unconscious patients are commonly seen by physicians. They are challenging to manage
and in a time sensitive condition, a systematic, team approach is required. Early …

Background Coma of unknown origin is an emergency caused by a variety of possibly life-
threatening pathologies. Although lethality is high, there are currently no generally accepted …

Background: The approach to unconscious patients in the emergency department (ED) is
difficult, often depends on local resources and interests, and workup strategies often lack …

Objective We aimed to establish a quantitative electroencephalography-based prognostic
prediction model specifically tailored for nontraumatic coma patients to guide clinical work …

Background Management of patients with coma of unknown etiology (CUE) is a major
challenge in most emergency departments (EDs). CUE is associated with a high mortality …

Background Early prognostication in patients with acute consciousness impairment is a
challenging but essential task. Current prognostic guidelines vary with the underlying …

Consciousness is defined as the state of awareness of the self and environment with
appropriate arousal or wakefulness (Giacino et al. 2018a, b). Disorders of Consciousness …

Background Identifying the cause of non-traumatic coma in the emergency department is
challenging. The clinical neurological examination is the most readily available tool to detect …