The utilization of seawater for drinking purposes is limited by the high specific energy
consumption (SEC)(kW-h/m 3) of present desalination technologies; both thermal and …

Energy-efficient desalination and water treatment technologies play a critical role in
augmenting freshwater resources without placing an excessive strain on limited energy …

Further reduction in energy consumption is an attractive prospect for both well-established
technologies such as reverse osmosis and electrodialysis, and for emerging desalination …

Conventional water resources in many regions are insufficient to meet the water needs of
growing populations, thus reuse is gaining acceptance as a method of water supply …

Membrane distillation (MD) is a rapidly emerging water treatment technology; however,
membrane pore wetting is a primary barrier to widespread industrial use of MD. The primary …

Membrane distillation (MD) technology has been mainly used as a treatment method for
saline or contaminated wastewater. Despite the rapid progress in material engineering and …

Water and energy are critical components for human, and govern the growth and progress of
societies. Desalination is an important process to meet ever-increasing water demand …

Hydrophobic membranes used in membrane distillation (MD) systems are often subject to
wetting during long-term operation. Thus, it is of great importance to fully understand factors …

Membrane distillation (MD) lags behind other desalination processes such as reverse
osmosis due to relatively high energy consumption. Heating in membrane distillation forms a …

Fouling and wetting of membranes are significant concerns that can impede the widespread
application of the membrane distillation (MD) process during high-salinity wastewater …