Many biomolecular condensates appear to form via spontaneous or driven processes that
have the hallmarks of intracellular phase transitions. This suggests that a common …

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are unable to adopt a unique 3D structure under
physiological conditions and thus exist as highly dynamic conformational ensembles. IDPs …

Recent investigations in bacteria suggest that membraneless organelles play a crucial role
in the subcellular organization of bacterial cells. However, the biochemical functions and …

Progress in development of biophysical analytic approaches has recently crossed paths with
macromolecule condensates in cells. These cell condensates, typically termed liquid-like …

Macromolecular crowding affects the activity of proteins and functional macromolecular
complexes in all cells, including bacteria. Crowding, together with physicochemical …

Water is more than an inert spectator during liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), the
reversible compartmentalization of protein solutions into a protein-rich and a dilute phase …

Despite the astonishing diversity and complexity of living systems, they all share five
common hallmarks: compartmentalization, growth and division, information processing …

Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) in biology is a recently appreciated means of
intracellular compartmentalization. Because the mechanisms driving phase separations are …

Living cells have long been a source of inspiration for chemists. Their capacity of performing
complex tasks relies on the spatiotemporal coordination of matter and energy fluxes. Recent …

RNA localization mechanisms have been intensively studied and include localized
protection of mRNA from degradation, diffusion-coupled local entrapment of mRNA, and …