Organs-on-a-chip (OOCs) are miniature tissues and organs grown in vitro that enable
modeling of human physiology and disease. The technology has emerged from converging …

Recreating human organ–level function in vitro is a rapidly evolving field that integrates
tissue engineering, stem cell biology, and microfluidic technology to produce 3D organoids …

Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. The complex and disorganized tumor
microenvironment makes it very difficult to treat this disease. The most common in vitro drug …

Microvasculature functions at the tissue and cell level, regulating local mass exchange of
oxygen and nutrient-rich blood. While there has been considerable success in the …

Brain organoids derived from the self-organization of human induced pluripotent stem cells
(hiPSCs) represent a new class of in vitro organ system for modeling brain development and …

The vascular system is one of the first to develop during embryogenesis and is essential for
all organs and tissues in our body to develop and function. It has many essential roles …

Immunotherapies against solid tumors face additional challenges compared with
hematological cancers. In solid tumors, immune cells and antibodies need to extravasate …

Recent developments of organoids engineering and organ-on-a-chip microfluidic
technologies have enabled the recapitulation of the major functions and architectures of …

Over the past six decades the inflation-adjusted cost to bring a new drug to market has been
increasing constantly and doubles every 9 years–now reaching in excess of $2.5 billion …

Microphysiological systems (MPSs) with three-dimensional (3D) cultured models have
attracted considerable interest because of their potential to mimic human health and disease …