Background The cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 plays a pivotal role in immune-mediated
disorders, particularly in autoinflammatory diseases. Targeting this cytokine proved to be …

The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis | New England Journal of Medicine Skip to main
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Toll-like receptor–driven and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor–driven inflammation mediated by
IL-1 receptor–associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is involved in the pathophysiology of hidradenitis …

Nucleotide-binding, oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family, pyrin domain
containing 3 (NLRP3) gene polymorphism was reported to be associated with susceptibility …

IL-1 is a master cytokine of local and systemic inflammation. With the availability of specific
IL-1 targeting therapies, a broadening list of diseases has revealed the pathologic role of IL …

Background Biologics are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and many other
conditions. While the efficacy of biologics has been established, there is uncertainty …

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-1, first described∼ 35 years ago as a secreted product of monocytes
and neutrophils, refers to IL-1α and IL-1β, two key cytokines in the activation of innate …

Once a rarely used subset of medical treatments, protein therapeutics have increased
dramatically in number and frequency of use since the introduction of the first recombinant …

High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), which previously was thought to function only
as a nuclear factor that enhances transcription, was recently discovered to be a crucial …

Objectives To develop evidence-based European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)
recommendations for vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic …