Biological materials are typically multifunctional but many have evolved to optimize a chief
mechanical function. These functions include impact or fracture resistance, armor and …

Protein‐metal interactions—traditionally regarded for roles in metabolic processes—are now
known to enhance the performance of certain biogenic materials, influencing properties …

In nature, tiny amounts of inorganic impurities, such as metals, are incorporated in the
protein structures of some biomaterials and lead to unusual mechanical properties of those …

The relationship between plant nutrient content and insect herbivore populations and
community structure has long interested ecologists. Insect herbivores require multiple …

We measured hardness, modulus of elasticity, and, for the first time, loss tangent, energy of
fracture, abrasion resistance, and impact resistance of zinc-and manganese-enriched …

The remarkable mechanical performance of biological materials is based on intricate
structure–function relationships. Nanoindentation has become the primary tool for …

Attachment devices are essential adaptations for climbing animals and valuable models for
synthetic adhesives. A major unresolved question for both natural and bioinspired …

The mechanical properties of the sternal cuticle of the locust were investigated by
nanoindentation. Modulus and hardness of the exo-, meso-, and endocuticular layers were …

As the perfect combination of strength and luster, silkworm silks have been widely used in
many fields but still need improvements. This paper demonstrates an in vivo uptake of …

We characterise in detail the larval and pupal cuticle of the black soldier fly Hermetia
illucens L.(Diptera: Stratiomyidae), a key insect species in circular economy. In particular, we …