Interleukin-5 (IL-5) exerts a central pathogenic role in differentiation, recruitment, survival,
and degranulation of eosinophils. Indeed, during the last years, significant advances have …

Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are members of the mitogen-
activated protein kinase super family that can mediate cell proliferation and apoptosis. The …

The mitogen-activated kinases JNK1/2/3 are key enzymes in signaling modules that
transduce and integrate extracellular stimuli into coordinated cellular response. Here, we …

Five-membered heterocycle derivatives with two aryl groups on adjacent positions include
several classes of natural and unnatural compounds that exhibit a variety of biological and …

The goal of this review is to highlight the wide range of biological activities displayed by
purines, with particular emphasis on new purine-based agents which find potential …

Asthma is a very frequent chronic airway disease that includes many different clinical
phenotypes and inflammatory patterns. In particular, eosinophilic bronchial inflammation is …

Most of the synthetic chemical transformation reactions involve the use of different organic
solvents. Unfortunately, some of these toxic solvents are used in chemical laboratory …

Inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, which are involved in chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis, may activate the p38 subgroup of mitogen …

Mepolizumab is an anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) humanized monoclonal antibody that has been
recently approved as an add-on biological treatment for severe eosinophilic asthma, by both …

Fine particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2. 5) is a major risk factor for acute
asthma attacks in children. However, the biological mechanism underlying this association …