When protein/peptides aggregate, they usually form the amyloid state consisting of cross β-
sheet structure built by repetitively stacked β-strands forming long fibrils. Amyloids are …

In this review, we examine the fungal spore killers. These are meiotic drive elements that
cheat during sexual reproduction to increase their transmission into the next generation …

Recent findings have revealed the role of prion-like mechanisms in the control of host
defense and programmed cell death cascades. In fungi, HET-S, a cell death-inducing …

The HET-s protein from the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina is a prion involved in a
cell death reaction termed heterokaryon incompatibility. This reaction is observed at the …

In certain plant hybrids, immunity signaling is initiated when immune components interact in
the absence of a pathogen trigger. In Arabidopsis thaliana, such autoimmunity and cell …

Investigation of fungal biology has been frequently motivated by the fact that many fungal
species are important plant and animal pathogens. Such efforts have contributed …

For the majority of fungal species, the somatic body of an individual is a network of
interconnected cells sharing a common cytoplasm and organelles. This syncytial …

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular
receptors that control innate immunity and other biotic interactions in animals and plants …

Allorecognition in fungi takes the form of vegetative incompatibility (VI), a process leading to
the programmed cell death of heterokaryotic cells formed after anastomosis between …

In the fungus Podospora anserina, the [Het-s] prion induces programmed cell death by
activating the HET-S pore-forming protein. The HET-s β-solenoid prion fold serves as a …