This paper aims to elaborate foam concepts and foam flow modeling approaches in porous
media. Furthermore, this review summarizes and compares all existing foam models …

Capillary force is an important factor that limits the efficiency of water flooding by trapping the
oil in porous media. High capillarity is caused by high interfacial tension (IFT) between oil …

Three different reservoir simulators that utilize both two-phase and three-phase
microemulsion phase behavior models are used to model surfactant–polymer flooding to …

Small-pore sizes on the order of nanometers in unconventional reservoirs lead to a large
capillary pressure, which significantly affects the phase behavior of fluid mixture and the fluid …

Amidst escalating environmental pressures, energy-intensive industries, particularly the oil
and gas sector, are compelled to transition toward sustainable and low-carbon operations …

This paper presents a new three-phase relative permeability model for use in chemical
flooding simulators. Numerical simulation test cases are presented to illustrate the continuity …

Abstract The East Vacuum Grayburg San Andres Unit (EVGSAU) began CO2 injection in
1985 which is still continuing today. Performance of CO2 injection has been very favorable …

This study describes a general four-phase model developed for gas/oil/water/microemulsion
(ME) coexisting at local equilibrium. The original framework of a chemical reservoir simulator …

This paper presents modeling of a novel tertiary enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method. In
this process, slugs of gas and surfactant solution are injected (coinjection or alternate …

In recent years, the demand for heavy oil has increased due to its abundant availability and
low cost. However, the extraction of heavy oil poses a significant challenge due to its high …