In the 1990s, selenium was identified as a component of an enzyme that activates thyroid
hormone; since this discovery, the relevance of selenium to thyroid health has been widely …

Key Clinical Points Subclinical Hypothyroidism Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as an
elevated thyrotropin level with a normal free thyroxine (T4) level. To confirm the diagnosis, a …

Radioiodine (131I) therapy of benign thyroid diseases was introduced 70 yr ago, and the
patients treated since then are probably numbered in the millions. Fifty to 90% of …

Background Phthalates are widely used chemicals, and human exposure is extensive.
Recent studies have indicated that phthalates may have thyroid-disrupting properties …

Are humans currently evolving? This question can be answered using data on lifetime
reproductive success, multiple traits and genetic variation and covariation in those traits …

Goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, is a common problem in clinical practice
associated with iodine deficiency, increase in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) …

Context: A relation between low thyroid activity and prolonged life span in humans has been
observed. Several studies have demonstrated hereditary and genetic influences on thyroid …

During pregnancy and after delivery, the maternal thyroid gland faces several metabolic,
hemodynamic and immunologic changes. In this article we first summarize the current …

Context: Isolated congenital central hypothyroidism (CeH) can result from mutations in
TRHR, TSHB, and IGSF1, but its etiology often remains unexplained. We identified a …

Non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. With the
increasing incidence of NMTC in recent years, the familial form of the disease has also …