Production of metals stands for 40% of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions, 10% of the
global energy consumption, 3.2 billion tonnes of minerals mined, and several billion tonnes …

Metals and alloys are among the most technologically important materials for our
industrialized societies. They are the most common structural materials used in cars …

Nickel is a critical metal due to its importance in social development with major applications
in both low-and high-tech aspects. Several studies have focused on nickel production and …

Batteries | Free Full-Text | Life Cycle Modelling of Extraction and Processing of Battery
Minerals—A Parametric Approach Next Article in Journal Thermal Analysis of LMO/Graphite …

This study conducts a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of four electrolyzer
technologies: alkaline electrolyzer (AEL), proton-exchange membrane (PEM), anion …

The increasing metal demand driven by energy and digital transition has led to more
complex mining operations. To allocate environmental impacts in cases of mining co …

Nickel is a critical metal for global low-carbon energy transition, but its production processes
require massive energy inputs and emit large amounts of pollutants. This study constructed …

The current rise in global trade protectionism and geopolitical conflicts have had a definite
impact on the development of the nickel trade network. Therefore, this paper takes a …

The reduction of battery costs is a key enabler for an economically viable transition towards
a climate-neutral society. Despite market analysts being concerned about rising raw material …

Nickel is an energy-intensive resource, and with the expansion of global demand for nickel,
the embodied carbon emissions of its industrial chain in international trade are also …