Osteoporotic fractures lead to increased disability and mortality in the elderly population.
With the rapid increase in the aging population around the globe, more effective treatments …

The optimal treatment for complex fractures and large bone defects is an important unsolved
issue in orthopedics and related specialties. Approximately 5–10% of fractures fail to heal …

Bone remodeling is the continual process to renew the adult skeleton through the sequential
action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Nuclear factor RANK, an osteoclast receptor, and its …

Bone degeneration associated with various diseases is increasing due to rapid aging,
sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy diets. Living bone tissue has bioelectric properties critical …

Objective We have previously reported that stimulation of mouse bone marrow–derived
macrophages with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) induces …

Clinical studies, as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that
byproducts from joint replacements induce an inflammatory reaction that can result in …

Extrapulmonary complications of different organ systems have been increasingly recognized
in patients with severe or chronic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, limited …

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is inflammatory arthritis predominantly affecting the spine, which
is involved in the disorders of both immune and skeletal systems. The exact pathogenesis of …

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into
adipocytes and osteoblasts. Various external stimuli, including environmental contaminants …

The election of bone tissue engineering scaffolds material is mainly based on the bionics of
natural bones. Although the content of trace elements in bone is low, the lack of them affects …