Background The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectiousness of anal intercourse (AI)
has not been systematically reviewed, despite its role driving HIV epidemics among men …

Introduction HIV is a unique sexually transmitted infection (STI) that is greatly affected by
other concomitant “classical” bacterial and viral STI s that cause genital ulcers and/or …

Background Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission
of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. Methods In nine …

Most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections occur in cisgender women in resource-
limited settings. In women, self-protection with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate pre …

We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies of the risk of HIV-1
transmission per heterosexual contact. 43 publications comprising 25 different study …

Background Understanding the absolute and relative risk of human immunodeficiency virus
type 1 (HIV) acquisition during pregnancy and the postpartum period can inform HIV …

HIV-1 is transmitted by sexual contact across mucosal surfaces, by maternal-infant
exposure, and by percutaneous inoculation. For reasons that are still incompletely …

The new field of viral dynamics, based on within-host modeling of viral infections, began with
models of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but now includes many viral infections …

Elevated inflammatory cytokines (EMCs) at mucosal surfaces have been associated with
HIV susceptibility, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We characterized the …

Abstract (See the editorial commentary by Gray and Wawer on pages 351–2.) Background.
Knowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 …