Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and
previous infections. Immunological memory can develop from multiple branches of the …

Background Vaccines are critical cost-effective tools to control the coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) pandemic. However, the emergence of variants of the severe acute respiratory …

We provide two methods for monitoring reinfection trends in routine surveillance data to
identify signatures of changes in reinfection risk and apply these approaches to data from …

Infection-neutralizing antibody responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination are an …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new beta coronavirus
that emerged at the end of 2019 in the Hubei province of China. SARS-CoV-2 causes …

More than one year after its inception, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains difficult …

Summary Background The Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and the Oxford-AstraZeneca
(ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) COVID-19 vaccines have shown excellent safety and efficacy in phase …

mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have been authorized for emergency use. Despite their
efficacy in clinical trials, data on mRNA vaccine–induced immune responses are mostly …

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are crucial in controlling COVID-19, but knowledge of which factors
determine waning immunity is limited. We examined antibody levels and T-cell gamma …

In a cohort of BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) mRNA vaccine recipients (n= 1,090), we
observed that spike-specific IgG antibody levels and ACE2 antibody binding inhibition …