Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are a ubiquitously expressed family of small (22‑27 kDa) non‑
seleno peroxidases that catalyze the peroxide reduction of H2O2, organic hydroperoxides …

The integument forms a number of different types of mineralized element, including dermal
denticles, scutes, ganoid scales, elasmoid scales, fin rays and osteoderms found in certain …

We performed an in depth analysis of Bmp4, a critical regulator of development, disease,
and evolution, in cranial neural crest (CNC). Conditional Bmp4 overexpression, using a …

Transcriptional cofactors are essential to the regulation of transforming growth factor β
(TGFβ) superfamily signaling and play critical and widespread roles during embryonic …

Members of the Twist-family of bHLH proteins play a pivotal role in a number of essential
developmental programs. Twist-family bHLH proteins function by dimerizing with other …

Dlx transcription factors are implicated in patterning the mammalian jaw, based on their
nested expression patterns in the first branchial arch (primordium for jaw) and mutant …

Patterning of the vertebrate facial skeleton involves the progressive partitioning of neural-
crest-derived skeletal precursors into distinct subpopulations along the anteroposterior (AP) …

Abstract The basic Helix‐Loop‐Helix (bHLH) transcription factors Hand1 and Hand2 play
critical roles in the development of multiple organ systems during embryogenesis. The …

Redox signaling is a critical component of cell signaling pathways that are involved in the
regulation of cell growth, metabolism, hormone signaling, immune regulation and variety of …

Congenital heart defects account for 1% of infant mortality and 10% of in utero deaths. As
the vertebrate embryo develops, multiple tissue types develop in tandem to morphologically …