Insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used in sprayable
formulations or produced in transgenic crops as the most successful alternatives to synthetic …

Arthropods have the capacity to evolve resistance to insecticides and insecticidal traits in
genetically modified crops. Resistance development among Lepidoptera is a common …

Evolution of resistance by insect pests can reduce the benefits of insecticidal proteins from
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that are used extensively in sprays and transgenic crops. Despite …

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the primary agricultural pests in the Old World, whereas H.
zea is predominant in the New World. However, H. armigera was first documented in Brazil …

Abstract The Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was first detected in Brazil
with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern …

Evolution of pest resistance reduces the efficacy of insecticidal proteins from the gram-
positive bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) used widely in sprays and transgenic crops. In …

Transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins have been
extensively planted for insect pest control, but the evolution of Bt resistance in target pests …

Abstract The Heliothinae complex in Argentina encompasses Helicoverpa gelotopoeon
(Dyar), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), and Chloridea virescens …

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most important pests worldwide. Transgenic crops with
toxin genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been deployed on a large scale to control …

Bacillus thuringiensis toxin proteins are deployed in transgenic plants for pest management.
The present studies were aimed at characterization of gut bacterial proteases involved in …