This paper and this issue attempt to address how, when and why the phenomenal c.
100,000 species of seed plants in tropical America (the Neotropics) arose. It is increasingly …

Fungi have crucial roles in modern ecosystems as decomposers and pathogens, and they
engage in various mutualistic associations with other organisms, especially plants. They …

Tropical rainforest hyperdiversity is often suggested to have evolved over a long time‐span
(the 'museum'model), but there is also evidence for recent rainforest radiations. The …

Molecular-based divergence dating methods, or molecular clocks, are the primary
neontological tool for estimating the temporal origins of clades. While the appropriate use of …

Targeted enrichment and sequencing of hundreds of nuclear loci for phylogenetic
reconstruction is becoming an important tool for plant systematics and evolution …

Recent re-examinations and new fossil findings have added significantly to the data
available for evaluating the evolutionary history of the monocotyledons. Integrating data from …

Madagascar is renowned for its unparalleled species richness and levels of endemism,
which have led, in combination with species extinction caused by an unprecedented rate of …

Contents Summary 1408 I. Introduction 1408 II. A brief history of hypotheses 1410 III. Age of
TRF biome and lineages 1411 IV. Frequency of immigration from other biomes 1413 V …

Abstract Background and Aims Throughout the Cenozoic, Africa underwent several climatic
and geological changes impacting the evolution of tropical rain forests (TRFs). African TRFs …

Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of genetic diversity is fundamental for species
conservation in the face of climate change, particularly in hyper-diverse biomes. Species in …