An increasing body of neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies of the brain suggest
that the insular cortex (IC) integrates multimodal salient information ranging from sensation …

Pain is a significant national burden in terms of patient suffering, expenditure and lost
productivity. Understanding pain is fundamental to improving evaluation, treatment and …

Animal and human studies have consistently demonstrated that cortical regions are
important for pain perception and pain-related emotional changes. Studies of the anterior …

The rostral agranular insular cortex (RAIC) is a relevant structure in nociception. Indeed,
recruitment of GABAergic activity in RAIC promotes the disinhibition of the locus ceruleus …

Neuroimaging studies of patients with chronic pain have shown that neurotransmitter
abnormalities, including increases in glutamate and decreases in GABA, could be …

Introduction Although spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is widely used for chronic neuropathic
pain after failed spinal surgery, little is known about the underlying physiological …

Peripheral nerve and spinal cord injuries, along with other painful syndromes such as
fibromyalgia, diabetic neuropathy, chemotherapeutic neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia …

Neuropathic pain is one of the most debilitating pain conditions, yet no therapeutic strategy
has been really effective for its treatment. Hence, a better understanding of its …

Injury of peripheral nerves can trigger neuropathic pain, producing allodynia and
hyperalgesia via peripheral and central sensitization. Recent studies have focused on the …

Objectives: This is a proof-of-concept study to examine whether a chronic, bilateral increase
in insular glutamate can be a causal factor in the development of small fiber neuropathy in …