Here we review two connected themes in evolutionary microbiology:(a) the nature of gene
repertoire variation within species groups (pangenomes) and (b) the concept of metabolite …

Advances in the computational annotation of genomes and the predictive potential of current
metabolic models, based on more than thousands of experimental phenotypes, allow them …

Clostridioides difficile causes life-threatening gastrointestinal infections. It is a high-risk
pathogen due to a lack of effective treatments, antimicrobial resistance, and a poorly …

Bacteria are thought to have appeared on Earth some 3.5 billion years ago. Widespread
sequencing has uncovered the set of surviving genetic alleles (termed the alleleome) for …

Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 163 samples of patients with diarrhea
in Dezful Ganjavian Hospital were examined. The samples were cultured in MacConkey …

The widely used model organism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is ubiquitously present in a
variety of natural and human-associated habitats. Despite extensive studies of this …

Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe that is the
leading cause of nosocomial infection in the United States. Since C. difficile cannot survive …

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are products of bacterial fermentation that help maintain
important gut functions such as the intestinal barrier, signaling, and immune homeostasis …