Plasmopara viticola (P. viticola, Berk. & MA Curtis; Berl. & De Toni) causing grapevine
downy mildew is one of the most damaging pathogens to viticulture worldwide. Since its …

Posttranslational modifications add complexity and diversity to cellular proteomes. One of
the most prevalent modifications across eukaryotes is ubiquitination, which is orchestrated …

Many fungi and oomycete species are devasting plant pathogens. These eukaryotic
filamentous pathogens secrete effector proteins to facilitate plant infection. Fungi and …

The plant apoplast is integral to intercellular signalling, transport and plant–pathogen
interactions. Plant pathogens deliver effectors both into the apoplast and inside host cells …

Filamentous (oomycete and fungal) plant pathogens deliver cytoplasmic effector proteins
into host cells to facilitate disease. How RXLR effectors from the potato late blight pathogen …

Membrane trafficking pathways play a prominent role in plant immunity. The endomembrane
transport system coordinates membrane-bound cellular organelles to ensure that …

Fungi and oomycetes deliver effectors into living plant cells to suppress defenses and
control plant processes needed for infection. Little is known about the mechanism by which …

Phytopathogenic fungi secrete a large arsenal of effector molecules, including
proteinaceous effectors, small RNAs, phytohormones and derivatives thereof. The …

An understanding of the cell biology underlying the burgeoning molecular genetic and
genomic knowledge of oomycete pathogenicity is essential to gain the full context of how …

Plant–microbe interactions have evolved over hundreds of millions of years, generating a
diversity of interactions covering a broad continuum from pathogenic to mutualistic …