Autophagy is a catabolic process for unnecessary or dysfunctional cytoplasmic contents by
lysosomal degradation pathways. Autophagy is implicated in various biological processes …

Association of diabetes with an elevated risk of cardiac failure has been clinically evident.
Diabetes potentiates diastolic and systolic cardiac failure following the myocardial infarction …

Significance: The molecular machinery regulating autophagy has started becoming
elucidated, and a number of studies have undertaken the task to determine the role of …

ABSTRACT Calcium (Ca2+) is a key player in the regulation of many cell functions. Just like
Ca2+, mitochondria are ubiquitous, versatile, and dynamic players in determining both cell …

Inflammation is a self-defense response to protect individuals from infection and tissue
damage, but excessive or persistent inflammation can have adverse effects on cell survival …

Anti-oxidative agents hold great potential in osteoarthritis (OA) therapy. However, most
radical scavengers have poor biocompatibility and potential cytotoxicity, which limit their …

Amino acids not only participate in intermediary metabolism but also stimulate insulin-
mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR)-mediated signal transduction which controls the …

Repetitive, calcium-mediated contractile activity renders cardiomyocytes critically dependent
on a sustained energy supply and adequate calcium buffering, both of which are provided …

Aims: To determine the roles of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in ischemia/reperfusion-induced
myocardial injury and to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. Results: The …

Ferroptosis is a new type of iron-dependent cell death induced by a failure of the lipid repair
protein GPX4 or the Xc-antiporter, which is essential for glutathione production. Some heavy …