Background The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory
dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the …

The human body interacts with the environment in many different ways. The lungs interact
with the external environment through breathing. The enormously large surface area of the …

The Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is a thoroughly updated and reorganized
revision of the late Clayton Crowe's work, and provides a detailed look at the basic concepts …

Background Nasal airflow is essential for the functioning of the human nose. Given
individual variation in nasal anatomy, there is yet no consensus what constitutes normal …

Human sniffing behavior usually involves bouts of short, high flow rate inhalation (> 300 ml/s
through each nostril) with mostly turbulent airflow. This has often been characterized as a …

Background Septal deviation is an extremely common anatomic variation in healthy adults.
However, there are no standard criteria to determine when a deviated septum is clinically …

Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis: The purpose of this article is to analyze the effects of septal
deviation on the aerodynamic air flow pattern compared with that of a normal nose by …

We numerically analyzed odorant transportation from a sniffing device (funnel) to the
olfactory region of the nasal cavity during breathing. We followed the procedure for the …

The breathing region connects the nasal cavity with the outside environmental air where
flow is accelerated through the nostrils. Particles introduced into the nasal cavity without …

Background: Computational fluid dynamics has been adapted to studying nasal
aerodynamics. Aim: To review current literature on CFD studies, with an emphasis on …