This review focuses on how blood flow to contracting skeletal muscles is regulated during
exercise in humans. The idea is that blood flow to the contracting muscles links oxygen in …

The heart hypertrophies in response to developmental signals as well as increased
workload. Although adult-onset hypertrophy can ultimately lead to disease, cardiac …

Intense training results in numerous physiological perturbations such as muscle damage,
hyperthermia, dehydration and glycogen depletion. Insufficient/untimely restoration of these …

This article summarizes the available information regarding the cardiac risks of participation
in athletics. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy remains the leading cause of sudden death from …

Exercise is the most important physiological stimulus for increased myocardial oxygen
demand. The requirement of exercising muscle for increased blood flow necessitates an …

Figure 1. Distribution of cardiac dimensions in large populations of highly trained male and
female athletes. Top, LV end-diastolic cavity dimension; 14% of athletes have enlargement …

Cardiac muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left ventricular
(LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via exercise training) or pathologically …

“The physiologic capabilities of the heart are enormous, and in judging the effect of any
undue exertion on it, we must not regard the murmurs of the irregularity alone, but must also …

The morphologic concepts of the" athlete heart" have been enhanced and clarified over the
last 10 years by virtue of M-mode echocardiographic studies performed on more than 1,000 …

This is a metaanalysis of all available studies as of December 1990 that have evaluated the
effect of antihypertensive pharmacologic therapy on left ventricular structure examined by …