Production of metals stands for 40% of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions, 10% of the
global energy consumption, 3.2 billion tonnes of minerals mined, and several billion tonnes …

Human activities have caused global temperatures to increase by 1.25° C, and the current
emissions trajectory suggests that we will exceed 1.5° C in less than 10 years. Though the …

Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) can reduce carbon emissions by powering electric vehicles (EVs) and
promoting renewable energy development with grid‐scale energy storage. However, LIB …

Thanks to fast learning and sustained growth, solar photovoltaics (PV) is today a highly cost-
competitive technology, ready to contribute substantially to CO 2 emissions mitigation …

Achieving global climate goals will require prodigious increases in low-carbon electricity
generation, raising concerns about the scale of materials needed and associated …

Although the transition to renewable energies will intensify the global competition for land,
the potential impacts driven by solar energy remain unexplored. In this work, the potential …

Sustainable metal supply requires well-coordinated strategy and policy packages based on
a sound scientific understanding of anticipated long-term demand, supply, and associated …

The sustained rapid growth and learning rates displayed by solar PV and wind electricity
generation capacity over recent decades appear to be unprecedented. With these …

Critical metals are technologically vital to the functionality of various emerging technologies,
yet they have a potentially unstable supply. This condition calls for strategic planning based …

The REPowerEU plan redefines the European Union (EU) energy transition agenda in
response to the Russia-Ukraine war. Formally, it aims to boost green growth, defend liberal …