Incapacitated immune system is a characteristic hallmark of solid tumors. Immune system
within a tumor undergoes an imbalance in cellular dispersion and functionality. Effector cells …

Cancer cells are abnormal cells that can reproduce and regenerate rapidly. They are
characterized by unlimited proliferation, transformation and migration, and can destroy …

T cells play important roles in anti-tumor immunity. Emerging evidence has revealed that
distinct metabolic changes impact the activation and differentiation of T cells. Tailoring …

The molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic shift toward increased glycolysis
observed in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) during the pathogenesis of …

Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key
biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six …

Tumor cells need to cope with the host environment for survival and keep growing in hard
conditions. This suggests that tumors must acquire characteristics more potent than what is …

Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with a high mortality rate
worldwide, a low early detection rate and a poor prognosis. The rise of metabolomics has …

The metabolism of glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor,
is flexible and adaptable to different adverse conditions, such as nutrient deprivation …

Short persistence and early exhaustion of T cells are major limits to the efficacy and broad
application of immunotherapy. Exhausted T and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells …

To improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for cancer treatment, various
strategies, including combination therapies with repurposed drugs, are being explored …