The study of brain plasticity has tended to focus on the synapse, where well-described
activity-dependent mechanisms are known to play a key role in learning and memory …

It is well-recognized that, despite similar pain characteristics, some people with chronic pain
recover, whereas others do not. In this review, we discuss possible contributions and …

Synaptic plasticity in adult neural circuits may involve the strengthening or weakening of
existing synapses as well as structural plasticity, including synapse formation and …

The CNS is an immune-privileged environment, yet the local control of multiple pathogens is
dependent on the ability of immune cells to access and operate within this site. However …

Research on human brain changes during skill acquisition has revealed brain volume
expansion in task-relevant areas. However, the large number of skills that humans acquire …

A leading neurobiologist explores the fundamental function of dendritic spines in neural
circuits by analyzing different aspects of their biology, including structure, development …

Background CDKL5 (cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5) is mutated in many severe
neurodevelopmental disorders, including atypical wRett syndrome. CDKL5 was shown to …

Emerging research on neuroplasticity processes in psychosis spectrum illnesses—from the
synaptic to the macrocircuit levels—fill key gaps in our models of pathophysiology and open …

Remodeling of synapses by microglia is essential for synaptic plasticity in the brain.
However, during neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, microglia can induce …

Glutamate, a major excitatory neurotransmitter, plays important roles in synaptic plasticity,
such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and new synapse formation. Growing evidence …