Abstract RNA polymerase I (Pol I) synthesizes ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which is the first and
rate-limiting step in ribosome biosynthesis. A12. 2 (A12) is a critical subunit of Pol I that is …

Transcription is a tightly regulated, complex, and essential cellular process in all living
organisms. Transcription is comprised of three steps, transcription initiation, elongation, and …

Here we present an optimized protocol for monitoring and analyzing single nucleotide
incorporation by RNA polymerases. This protocol describes the assembly of Saccharomyces …

Eukaryotes express at least three RNA polymerases (Pols) carry out transcription, while
bacteria and archaea use only one. Using transient state kinetics, we have extensively …

Eukaryotes express at least three nuclear DNA dependent RNA polymerases (Pols). Pols I,
II, and III synthesize ribosomal (r) RNA, messenger (m) RNA, and transfer (t) RNA …

T7 RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is a widely used enzyme with recent applications in the
production of RNA vaccines. For over 50 years denaturing sequencing gels have been used …

Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). While eukaryotic
species employ several specialized RNA polymerases (Pols) to fulfill the RNA synthesis …

Abstract RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA, which is
the rate limiting step in ribosome biogenesis. We have reported wide variability in the …

Transient state kinetic studies of eukaryotic DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (Pols) in vitro
provide quantitative characterization of enzyme activity at the level of individual nucleotide …

In transcription initiation by E. coli RNA polymerase (RNAP), translocation of the RNA-DNA
hybrid disrupts RNAP-promoter and σ70-core RNAP contacts, releasing σ70 and allowing …