This report proposes a stepwise process covering the range of considerations to
systematically consider key choices for study design and data analysis for non-interventional …

For learning about the causal effect of a treatment, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is
considered the gold standard. However, randomizing treatment is sometimes unethical or …

Scholars, activists, and policymakers have long called for reparations–a process of repair
and restitution for harm and injustices done–to descendants of enslaved Africans in the US …

Postexposure vaccination has the potential to prevent or modify the course of clinical
disease among those exposed to a pathogen. However, due to logistical constraints …

Background Regulators and oncology healthcare providers are increasingly interested in
using observational studies of real‐world data (RWD) to complement clinical evidence from …

Postexposure vaccination has the potential to prevent or modify the course of clinical
disease among those exposed to a pathogen. However, due to logistical constraints …

Sequential positivity is often a necessary assumption for drawing causal inferences, such as
through marginal structural modeling. Unfortunately, verification of this assumption can be …

Tuberculosis is one of the oldest documented infectious diseases and to this day remains a
substantial global health burden. An estimated one quarter of the global population is living …