As fetal intracranial vessels may persist into adulthood, knowledge of their anatomy and
potential clinical and surgical complications should be borne in mind by the surgeon. A …

Three primitive arteries–the trigeminal, otic and hypoglossal take the names according to
their close relation with the V, VIII and XII cranial nerves, while at the cervical level, the first …

We describe a previously unreported case of cranial arterial dolichoectasia associated with
spontaneous dissection of the petrous (C2) segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) with 2 …

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Fenestrations of cerebral arteries are rare, but very
important to diagnose given their high association with saccular aneurysms. We present the …

The term “aberrant flow of the internal carotid artery”, even if it is the most used in the
literature, is erroneous and does not highlight the pathophysiology of this disease [1–5]. The …

The middle ear, located into the temporal bone, has one of the most complex arterial supply
that depends on numerous little branches of the external carotid artery (ECA). This arterial …

Duplication of an extracranial internal carotid artery, a retropharyngeal carotid transposition,
an aberrant internal carotid artery in the middle ear, and a persistent stapedial artery are …

Double-lumen carotid plaque is a rare pathological condition, and only few reports about
this condition have been recorded in the literature. However, no study has used …

An increasing number of cases with fenestration that is frequently associated with
aneurysms have been reported, largely in the vertebral and basilar arteries and less …

Variations and anomalies in cerebral arteries include persistent primitive vessels that
normally regress during early gestation [31] and arteries that normally persist to adult life but …