Interneurons play a critical role in precise control of network operation. Indeed, higher brain
capabilities such as working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, or social interaction rely …

Current estimates suggest that over 1 billion people are overweight and over 300 million
people are obese. Weight gain is due to an imbalance between energy expenditure and …

Animals are biological transformers of dietary matter and energy to produce high-quality
foods and wools for human consumption and use. Mammals, birds, fish, and shrimp require …

Previous studies have suggested that neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the dorsomedial
hypothalamus (DMH) serves as an important signaling peptide in the regulation of energy …

Drug seeking behavior can be reduced or inhibited via extinction. The brain mechanisms for
extinction of drug seeking are poorly understood but are of significant interest because of …

Extinction promotes abstinence from drug seeking. Extinction expression is an active
process, dependent on infralimbic prefrontal cortex (ilPFC). However, the neurocircuitry …

Precise neural regulation is required for maintenance of energy homeostasis. Essential to
this are the hypothalamic and brainstem nuclei which are located adjacent and supra …

Obesity and diabetes are increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, but the strategies for the
prevention and treatment of these disorders remain inadequate. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) …

Introduction A number of locations have been considering sugar-sweetened beverage point-
of-purchase warning label policies to help address rising adolescent overweight and obesity …

Whether synapses in appetite-regulatory brain regions undergo long-term changes in
strength in response to satiety peptides is poorly understood. Here we show that following …