The field of materials science has been transformed since the mid-20th centurysdiverging
from the metallurgical study of steel and alloys to meet the vast technological demands of …

Covering: up to 2007 Biosilicification is an evolutionarily old and widespread type of
biomineralization both in unicellular and multicellular organisms, including sponges …

Insight into the origin and early evolution of the animal phyla requires an understanding of
how animal groups are related to one another. Thus, we set out to explore animal phylogeny …

In order to allow critical evaluation of the interrelationships between the three sponge
classes, and to resolve the question of mono‐or paraphyly of sponges (Porifera), we used …

Sponges (Porifera) represent the lowest metazoan phylum; they have been shown to be
provided with the characteristic metazoan structural and functional molecules. One …

In spite of the fact that cells from the phylum Porifera (sponges) contain high levels of
telomerase activity, no successful approach to cultivate sponge cells has yet been …

The origin of Metazoa remained—until recently—the most enigmatic of all phylogenetic
problems. Sponges [Porifera] as 'living fossils', positioned at the base of multicellular …

Sponges [Porifera] are the phylogenetically oldest metazoan phylum still extant today; they
share the closest relationship with the hypothetical common metazoan ancestor, the …

The 'origin of larvae'has been widely discussed over the years, almost invariably with the
tacit understanding that larvae are secondary specializations of early stages in a …

Porifera (sponge) form the lowest metazoan phylum and share a common ancestor with
other metazoan phyla. In the present study, it is reported that sponges possess molecules …