The importance of investigating and addressing climate change, through the use of
renewable energy, is substantially increasing. Shallow geothermal energy is usually a …

Ground (or geothermal) heat exchangers are attracting a great deal of attention as a way of
using shallow geothermal energy. This paper provides not only a critical review but also a …

Closed-loop geothermal systems, recently referred to as advanced geothermal systems
(AGS), have received renewed interest for geothermal heat and power production. These …

Over the last few decades, great deals on ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) have been
broadly addressed. Various systems of GSHP have been employed worldwide for …

Shallow geothermal energy is a renewable energy resource that has become increasingly
important. However, the use has environmental, technical and social consequences …

To utilize shallow geothermal energy, ground source heat pump systems (GSHPS) are often
coupled with borehole heat exchangers (BHE). In recent years, some GSHPSs are …

This paper summarizes the development of the Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) system
in China during the period from 1989 to 2021. A statistical analysis shows the Ground …

As a renewable energy source, geothermal energy has been widely used to provide space
heating and cooling for buildings. The thermal performance of ground heat exchanger …

Thermo-physical properties of the ground play a vital role in heat transfer of ground heat
exchangers (GHE) of ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems. Design and planning of …

Abandoned oil and gas wells (AOGW) with high bottom-hole temperature contain abundant
geothermal energy, which can be retrofitted to a novel geothermal system for different …