The brain requires a continuous supply of energy in the form of ATP, most of which is
produced from glucose by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, complemented by …

Despite the development of highly effective treatments for relapsing–remitting multiple
sclerosis (MS), limited progress has been made in addressing primary progressive or …

SARS-CoV-2 infection produces neuroinflammation as well as neurological, cognitive (ie,
brain fog), and neuropsychiatric symptoms (eg, depression, anxiety), which can persist for …

Recent findings in human samples and animal models support the involvement of
inflammation in the development of Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, it is currently …

Traditionally, lymphocytic interferon γ (IFN-γ) was considered to be a simple'booster'of
proinflammatory responses by microglia (brain-resident macrophages) during bacterial or …

Neuroinflammation driven by interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and microglial activation has been
linked to neurological disease. However, the effects of IFN‐γ‐activated microglia on …

Gamma oscillation is the synchronization with a frequency of 30–90 Hz of neural
oscillations, which are rhythmic electric processes of neuron groups in the brain. The …

Here we elucidate the effect of Alzheimer disease (AD)-predisposing genetic backgrounds,
APOE4, PSEN1ΔE9, and APPswe, on functionality of human microglia-like cells (iMGLs) …

Many genetic and environmental factors increase susceptibility to cognitive impairment (CI),
and the gut microbiome is increasingly implicated. However, the identity of gut microbes …

In the mammalian brain information processing and storage rely on the complex coding and
decoding events performed by neuronal networks. These actions are based on the …