Background In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR‐Allergic Rhinitis …

Background Critical examination of the quality and validity of available allergic rhinitis (AR)
literature is necessary to improve understanding and to appropriately translate this …

Allergic rhinitis is a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced after allergen exposure by an
immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated inflammation of the membranes lining the nose (1). It was …

Allergic rhinitis is clinically defined as a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced by an IgE-
mediated inflammation after allergen exposure of the membranes lining the nose. Symptoms …

Allergic inflammation is due to a complex interplay between several inflammatory cells,
including mast cells, basophils, lymphocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, and sometimes …

Histamine has an important role as a chemical messenger in physiologic responses,
neurotransmission, allergic inflammation, and immunomodulation by way of the H1-receptor …

Histamine has a key role in allergic inflammatory conditions. The inflammatory responses
resulting from the liberation of histamine have long been thought to be mediated by the …

There is compelling evidence of a close relationship between the upper and lower airways
in asthma and rhinitis. Rhinitis is present in the majority of patients with asthma, and a …

Obesity is a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the associations
between underweight and T2DM and between weight status and prediabetes have not been …

Consensus group on new-generation antihistamines (CONGA): present status and
recommendations Page 1 Consensus group on new-generation antihistamines (CONGA) …