During pregnancy, the maternal uterus and fetus form a special microenvironment at the
maternal-fetal interface to support fetal development. Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) …

HLA-G is a molecule that was first known to confer protection to the fetus from destruction by
the immune system of its mother, thus critically contributing to fetal–maternal tolerance. The …

Natural killer (NK) cells are present in large populations at the maternal-fetal interface during
early pregnancy. However, the role of NK cells in fetal growth is unclear. Here, we have …

Controversy surrounds reports describing the derivation of human trophoblast cells from
placentas and embryonic stem cells (ESC), partly due to the difficulty in identifying markers …

The etiology of preeclampsia is unknown. At present, 4 hypotheses are the subject of
extensive investigation, as follows:(1) Placental ischemia—Increased trophoblast …

HLA-G is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class I molecule selectively
expressed on cytotrophoblasts at the feto–maternal interface, where it may play an important …

Maternal-fetal immune-tolerance occurs throughout the whole gestational trimester, thus a
mother can accept a genetically distinct fetus without immunological aggressive behavior …

Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells that may be used in transplantation
medicine. These cells can be induced to differentiate into cells from the three embryonic …

Immunological rejection of the fetus due to recognition of paternal antigens by the maternal
immune system, resulting in abnormal immune cells and cytokine production, is postulated …

Differentiated cell types derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) may serve in the
future to treat various human diseases. A crucial step toward their successful clinical …