Abstract Automated Driving Systems (ADS) open up a new domain for the automotive
industry and offer new possibilities for future transportation with higher efficiency and …

In the past ten years, the use of 3D Time-of-Flight (ToF) LiDARs in mobile robotics has
grown rapidly. Based on our accumulation of relevant research, this article systematically …

Nowadays, and more than a decade after the first steps towards autonomous driving, we
keep heading to achieve fully autonomous vehicles on our roads, with LiDAR sensors being …

For autonomous vehicles to viably replace human drivers they must contend with inclement
weather. Falling rain and snow introduce noise in LiDAR returns resulting in both false …

Accurate and efficient environmental awareness is a fundamental capability of autonomous
driving technology and the real-time data collected by sensors offer autonomous vehicles an …

Reliable point cloud data is essential for perception tasks eg in robotics and autonomous
driving applications. Adverse weather causes a specific type of noise to light detection and …

Autonomous vehicles rely on a variety of sensors to gather information about their
surrounding. The vehicle's behavior is planned based on the environment perception …

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology has the advantages of high detection
accuracy, a wide range of perception, and not being affected by light. The 3D LiDAR is …

Current multi-modal object detection approaches focus on the vehicle domain and are
limited in the perception range and the processing capabilities. Roadside sensor units …

Odometry is crucial for robot navigation, particularly in situations where global positioning
methods like global positioning system are unavailable. The main goal of odometry is to …