Apoptosis is a critically important biological process that plays an essential role in cell fate
and homeostasis. An important component of the apoptotic pathway is the family of proteins …

Cells operate a signaling network termed the unfolded protein response (UPR) to monitor
protein-folding capacity in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 …

Over the past decades, immunotherapy has demonstrated a prominent clinical efficacy in a
wide variety of human tumors. For many years, apoptosis has been considered a non …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a common feature of several physiological and
pathological conditions affecting the function of the secretory pathway. To restore ER …

Stress induced by accumulation of unfolded proteins at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a
classic feature of secretory cells and is observed in many tissues in human diseases …

Mitochondria are key decoding stations of the apoptotic process. In support of this view, a
large body of experimental evidence has unambiguously revealed that, in addition to the …

Abstract Intracellular calcium (Ca 2+) is a critical coordinator of various aspects of cellular
physiology. It is increasingly apparent that changes in cellular Ca 2+ dynamics contribute to …

Recently, many studies have been conducted trying to explain the molecular mechanism of
curcumin action in various pathological states of the cell and the organism. Curcumin is …

Bax, a central cell death regulator, is an indispensable gateway to mitochondrial dysfunction
and a major proapoptotic member of the B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2) family proteins that …

The rapid accumulation of knowledge on apoptosis regulation in the 1990s was followed by
the development of several experimental anticancer‐and anti‐ischaemia (stroke or …