The brain is the most complex human organ, consuming more energy than any other tissue
in proportion to its size. It relies heavily on mitochondria to produce energy and is made up …

Significance: Essential metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc play a role as
cofactors in the activity of a wide range of processes involved in cellular homeostasis and …

Loss-of-function mutations in PARK2, the gene encoding the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin, are
the most frequent cause of recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkin translocates from the …

Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.
Glutaminolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle are involved in ferroptosis, but the underlying …

In most eukaryotic cells, fatty acid synthesis (FAS) occurs in the cytoplasm and in
mitochondria. However, the relative contribution of mitochondrial FAS (mtFAS) to the cellular …

Under resting conditions, Pink1 knockout cells and cells derived from patients with PINK1
mutations display a loss of mitochondrial complex I reductive activity, causing a decrease in …

Mitochondria are an iconic distinguishing feature of eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria
encompass an active organellar network that fuses, divides, and directs a myriad of vital …

Aconitase, an enzyme possessing an iron–sulfur cluster that is sensitive to oxidation, is
involved in the regulation of cellular metabolism. There are two isoenzymes of aconitase …

The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the
accumulation of protein inclusions (Lewy bodies) are the pathological hallmarks of …

Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDDs) are a group of disorders that cause progressive
deficits of neuronal function. Recent evidence argues that sphingolipid metabolism is …